A 16-year-old sexually active female patient with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) presents to the emergency room with complaints of sudden right-sided lower abdominal pain and gastrointestinal distress

A 16-year-old sexually active female patient with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) presents to the emergency room with complaints of sudden right-sided lower abdominal pain and gastrointestinal distress. She cannot recall the date of her last menstrual period, but states she knows that she’s “late.” Her exam demonstrates a unilateral, right adnexal mass. The nurse knows that this patient likely has which of these prenatal complications? * A. gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) B. spontaneous abortion C. ectopic pregnancy D. premature rupture of membranes (PROM)

Given the clinical presentation of the 16-year-old patient, the most likely prenatal complication is C. ectopic pregnancy.

Rationale:
Sexual Activity and History: The patient is sexually active and has a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can lead to scarring and increased risk of ectopic pregnancy.
Symptoms: The sudden onset of right-sided lower abdominal pain and gastrointestinal distress are classic symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy.
Adnexal Mass: The presence of a unilateral right adnexal mass is indicative of a potential ectopic pregnancy, where the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, commonly in a fallopian tube.
Menstrual Irregularity: The patient being “late” for her period aligns with the potential for pregnancy.
Other Options:
A. Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD): Typically involves abnormal growth of trophoblastic tissue and may present with different symptoms such as vaginal bleeding or elevated hCG levels without typical adnexal masses.
B. Spontaneous Abortion: Usually presents with cramping and vaginal bleeding but would not typically present with an adnexal mass.
D. Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM): This occurs later in pregnancy and is unlikely in a 16-year-old who is presumably early in her pregnancy.
In summary, the combination of risk factors, symptoms, and examination findings strongly suggest an ectopic pregnancy as the likely complication.

Complete Answer:

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