Peter Smith, a 19-year-old man, was suffering from influenza and visited his local GP

Peter Smith, a 19-year-old man, was suffering from influenza and visited his local GP. He said he began to feel unwell two days earlier and his condition had worsened since, with an acute onset of a sore throat (pharyngitis). On examination the following observations were made:

– Fever of 38.9 degrees C – Runny nose – Sneezing –

Enlarged anterior cervical lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy)

Peter’s throat was observed to have the following signs:

– Redness – Swelling – Having a patchy covering of yellow-white exudate over his tonsils

The doctor prescribed phenoxymethylpenicillin 500 mg twice per day for ten days.

Considering the above case answer the following question:

1. Fever development and benefits (Total: 20 marks)
   1. What is fever? Explain how Peter’s fever developed. 14 marks

Fever is a temporary rise in a body temperature.

1. State, with explanation, two benefits of fever.  6 marks

1. Prescription, mode of action and effectiveness of phenoxymethylpenicillin. (Total: 25 marks) 
   1. Given that influenza is caused by a virus, why was Peter prescribed an antibiotic? 5 marks

1. The doctor prescribed phenoxymethylpenicillin. Discuss the mode of action of phenoxymethylpenicillin. 15 marks

1. Explain why antibiotics are not effective against viruses.5 marks

1. Spreading of influenza and breaking its mode of transmission. (Total: 25 marks) 
   1. Name and describe three (3) possible ways that Peter could have contracted the influenza virus (modes of transmission). 15 marks

1. Identify and explain two (2) ways by which each of these three modes (that you have noted in 3.1 above) of transmission could be broken. 10 marks

1. Replication of microorganisms (Total: 10 marks) 
   1. Compare and contrast the processes by which viruses and bacteria replicate. 10 marks

1. Presentation (Total: 20 marks) 
   1. Referencing in-text and in reference list conforms to APA 7^th Ed. referencing style.

(10 marks)

1. Critique supported by relevant literature as prescribed. Correct sentence structure, paragraph, grammatical construction, spelling, punctuation and presentation. (10 marks)