BELOW IS A RESPONSE FROM A COLEAGE ABOUT TYPE 2 DIABTES. I AM TO RESPOND TO THIS COLLEGE BY PROVIDIN 

 BELOW IS A RESPONSE FROM A COLEAGE ABOUT TYPE 2 DIABTES. I AM TO RESPOND TO THIS COLLEGE BY PROVIDIN  recommendations for alternative drug treatments and patient education strategies for treatment and management. of type 2 diabetes. Can you assist with feedback to the colleges response

COLLEAGE RESPONSE BELOW:

Differences between Type 1, Type 2, Gestational, and Juvenile Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes, also called juvenile diabetes, is a genetic condition that always commences early in life. The immune system assails and demolishes the insulin-generating cells in the pancreas (Butler & Misselbrook, 2020). It is caused by genes and environmental factors such as viruses that might activate the ailment. The symptoms of diabetes type 1 include urinating a lot, feeling more thirsty than usual, blurry vision, bed-wetting in children who have never wet the bed during the night, feeling very hungry, unintentional weight loss, irritability, and mood changes (Butler & Misselbrook, 2020). These symptoms can occur suddenly. The risk factors range from family history to genetics to geography to age.

Type 2 diabetes is chiefly lifestyle-associated and builds up over time. It occurs when the body cannot utilize insulin as it should. Type 2 diabetes means a disfigurement in how the body normalizes and utilizes glucose (Butler & Misselbrook, 2020). It is characterized by frequent infections, numbness or tingling in the hands and feet, darkened skin normally in the armpits and neck, blurred vision, fatigue, slow-healing sores, increased thirst,  unintended weight loss, increased hunger, and frequent urination. These symptoms always develop gradually. The risk factors include race and ethnicity, prediabetes, fat distribution, inactivity, polycystic ovary syndrome, age, pregnancy-affiliated risks, blood lipid levels, and weight (Butler & Misselbrook, 2020).

Gestational diabetes is a condition that materializes among pregnant women when their bodies cannot construct and utilize insulin appropriately during pregnancy. It is typified by increased thirst, tiredness, blurred vision, dry mouth, peeing more often than usual, nausea, and vaginal, bladder and skin infections (Gao et al., 2018). The risk factors include having had gestational diabetes during a previous pregnancy, an immediate family member with diabetes, prediabetes, inactivity, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, and previously delivering a baby weighing more than nine pounds.

Drugs Used to Treat Type 2 Diabetes

Metformin is the first-line medication administered for type 2 diabetes. It minimizes glucose fabrication in the liver and improves the body’s responsiveness to insulin to guarantee it utilizes insulin more efficiently (Rajput et al., 2022). The initial adult dose for the immediate-release tablet is 500 milligrams orally two times a day, taken with morning and evening meals. It can also be 850 mg daily, administered with a meal. The dose is augmented gradually after one week to diminish unpleasant gastrointestinal (GI) effects. The initial adult dose for extended-release metformin is 500 mg to 1 gram once daily with the evening meal. The dose is steadily titrated to diminish undesirable GI effects. The drug is administered with a meal to lessen GI distress. Dietary considerations to improve glycemic control and blood lipids in patients with diabetes include diets rich in whole grains, legumes, fruits, nuts, and vegetables (Gray & Threlkeld, 2019). It is also important to moderate alcohol intake and minimize consumption of red or processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverages, and refined grains.

Short-term and Long-term Impacts of Type 2 Diabetes on Patients

The short-term impact of type 2 diabetes on patients is very low and very high blood glucose. When a person has type 2 diabetes, muscle, liver, and fat cells become resistant to insulin. These cells do not take in enough sugar due to their abnormal interaction with insulin. The pancreas cannot fashion adequate insulin to manage blood sugar levels (Crangle et al., 2018). The long-term impacts of type 2 diabetes on patients include kidney disease. Over time, high blood sugar due to diabetes can damage blood vessels in the kidneys and compromise effective nephron functioning (Crangle et al., 2018). Treatment of a patient with type 2 diabetes with metformin has various impacts on the patient. The short-term impacts stemming from taking this medication to treat type II diabetes include heartburn, stomach pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, weight loss, nausea and vomiting. Taking metformin for an extended period can lead to vitamin B12 deficiency.